Cell Immune System

 

Cells of the immune system

Myeloid Cells

• Granulocytes
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
  • Mast cells
• Monocytes
• Macrophages
  • Histiocytes (Tissue resident macrophages)
    • Adipose tissue macrophages
    • Kupffer cell – Liver
    • Alveolar macrophage (Dust cell) – Lung
    • Langerhans cell – Skin
    • Dermal macrophage – Dermis
    • Microglia – CNS
    • Perivascular macrophage
    • Meningeal macrophage – Meninges
    • Hofbauer cell – Placenta
    • Osteoclasts – Bone
    • Bone marrow macrophage – Bone marrow
    • Marginal zone macrophage – Spleen
    • Metallophilic macrophage – Spleen
    • Red pulp macrophage – Splenic red pulp
    • Tingible body macrophage (White pulp macrophage) – Splenic white pulp
  • Giant cells
    • Foreign-body giant cell
    • Langhans giant cell
    • Touton giant cells
  • Epithelioid cells
  • Bone marrow-derived macrophages – Generated in vitro
• Dendritic Cells
  • Conventional Dendritic Cells
  • Plasmacytoid dendritic cells

  Lymphoid Cells

• B cells
  • Plasma B cells
  • Memory B cells
  • B-1 cells
  • B-2 cells (the conventional B cells most texts refer to)
  • Marginal-zone B cells
  • Follicular B cells
• T cells
  • Naive T cells
  • Helper T cells – Commonly termed CD4+ T cells
    • Th1 cells
    • Th2 cells
    • Th3 cells
    • Th17 cells
    • T_FH cells – Follicular helper T cells
  • Cytotoxic T cells – Commonly termed CD8+ T cells
  • Memory T cells
  • Regulatory T cells
  • Natural Killer T cells (NKT cells)
  • γδ T cells
  • Mucosal associated invariant T cells
• Innate lymphoid cells (ILC)
  • Group 1 ILC
    • Natural killer cells (NK cells)
  • Group 2 ILC
    • Nuocyte
  • Group 3 ILC
    • Lymphoid Tissue inducer cells (LTi cells)

  Others (Non-hematopoietic cells with immune functions)

• Stromal cells
  • Lymph node stromal cells
  • Follicular dendritic cells

• Epithelial cells
• Pericytes
• Microfold cells (M cells)

  Hematopoiesis

• Lymphopoiesis
  • Lymphoblast
  • Prolymphocyte
    • T cell development
      • Thymocyte
    • B cell development
      • Pre-pro-B cell
      • Early pro-B cell
      • Late pro-B cell
      • Large pre-B cell
      • Small pre-B cell
      • Immature B cell
• Myelopoiesis
  • Common myeloid progenitor (CFU-GEMM)
    • Granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (CFU-GM)
      • Granulopoiesis
        • Myeloblast (CFU-G)
        • Promyelocyte
        • Myelocyte
        • Metamyelocyte
        • Band cell
      • Monocytopoiesis
        • Monoblast (CFU-M)
          • CFU-DL – Dendritic cell / Langerhans cell precursor
        • Promonocyte
    • CFU-Baso (Basophil precursor)
    • CFU-Eos (Eosinophil precursor)
    • Megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (MEP)
      • Megakaryocytopoiesis
        • CFU-Meg
        • Megakaryoblast
        • Promegakaryocyte
        • Megakaryocyte
        • Thrombopoiesis
          • Thrombocyte (Platelets)
        • Erythropoiesis
          • Proerythroblast
          • Normoblast
          • Reticulocyte
    • CFU-Mast
      • Mast cell precursors