Cell Immune System

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Cells of the immune system

Myeloid Cells

  • Granulocytes
    • Neutrophils
    • Eosinophils
    • Basophils
    • Mast cells
  • Monocytes
  • Macrophages
    • Histiocytes (Tissue resident macrophages)
      • Adipose tissue macrophages
      • Kupffer cell – Liver
      • Alveolar macrophage (Dust cell) – Lung
      • Langerhans cell – Skin
      • Dermal macrophage – Dermis
      • Microglia – CNS
      • Perivascular macrophage
      • Meningeal macrophage – Meninges
      • Hofbauer cell – Placenta
      • Osteoclasts – Bone
      • Bone marrow macrophage – Bone marrow
      • Marginal zone macrophage – Spleen
      • Metallophilic macrophage – Spleen
      • Red pulp macrophage – Splenic red pulp
      • Tingible body macrophage (White pulp macrophage) – Splenic white pulp
    • Giant cells
      • Foreign-body giant cell
      • Langhans giant cell
      • Touton giant cells
    • Epithelioid cells
    • Bone marrow-derived macrophages – Generated in vitro
  • Dendritic Cells
    • Conventional Dendritic Cells
    • Plasmacytoid dendritic cells

  Lymphoid Cells

  • B cells
    • Plasma B cells
    • Memory B cells
    • B-1 cells
    • B-2 cells (the conventional B cells most texts refer to)
    • Marginal-zone B cells
    • Follicular B cells
  • T cells
    • Naive T cells
    • Helper T cells – Commonly termed CD4+ T cells
      • Th1 cells
      • Th2 cells
      • Th3 cells
      • Th17 cells
      • TFH cells – Follicular helper T cells
    • Cytotoxic T cells – Commonly termed CD8+ T cells
    • Memory T cells
    • Regulatory T cells
    • Natural Killer T cells (NKT cells)
    • γδ T cells
    • Mucosal associated invariant T cells
  • Innate lymphoid cells (ILC)
    • Group 1 ILC
      • Natural killer cells (NK cells)
    • Group 2 ILC
      • Nuocyte
    • Group 3 ILC
      • Lymphoid Tissue inducer cells (LTi cells)

  Others (Non-hematopoietic cells with immune functions)

  • Stromal cells
    • Lymph node stromal cells
    • Follicular dendritic cells
  • Epithelial cells
  • Pericytes
  • Microfold cells (M cells)

  Hematopoiesis

  • Lymphopoiesis
    • Lymphoblast
    • Prolymphocyte
      • T cell development
        • Thymocyte
      • B cell development
        • Pre-pro-B cell
        • Early pro-B cell
        • Late pro-B cell
        • Large pre-B cell
        • Small pre-B cell
        • Immature B cell
  • Myelopoiesis
    • Common myeloid progenitor (CFU-GEMM)
      • Granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (CFU-GM)
        • Granulopoiesis
          • Myeloblast (CFU-G)
          • Promyelocyte
          • Myelocyte
          • Metamyelocyte
          • Band cell
        • Monocytopoiesis
          • Monoblast (CFU-M)
            • CFU-DL – Dendritic cell / Langerhans cell precursor
          • Promonocyte
      • CFU-Baso (Basophil precursor)
      • CFU-Eos (Eosinophil precursor)
      • Megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (MEP)
        • Megakaryocytopoiesis
          • CFU-Meg
          • Megakaryoblast
          • Promegakaryocyte
          • Megakaryocyte
          • Thrombopoiesis
            • Thrombocyte (Platelets)
          • Erythropoiesis
            • Proerythroblast
            • Normoblast
            • Reticulocyte
      • CFU-Mast
        • Mast cell precursors

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