Berbagai Penyakit Yang Berkaitan Dengan Gangguan Auto Imun

September 19, 2021September 19, 2021 DOKTER INDONESIA ONLINE

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Gangguan atau penyakit Auto imun adalah kegagalan suatu organisme untuk mengenali bagian dari dirinya sendiri sebagai bagian dari dirinya, yang membuat respon kekebalan melawan sel dan jaringan miliknya sendiri. Beberapa penyakit yang dihasilkan dari kelainan respon kekebalan ini dinamakan penyakit autoimun. Contohnya meliputi penyakit Coeliac, diabetes melitus tipe 1, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Sjögren’s syndrome, Churg-Strauss Syndrome, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, Graves’ disease, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, Scleroderma dan rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Kesalahan yang menyebabkan sistem kekebalan melawan suatu individu yang seharusnya dilindunginya bukanlah hal yang baru. Paul Ehrlich pada awal abad ke 20 mengajukan konsep horror autotoxicus, di mana jaringan suatu organisme dimakan oleh sistem kekebalannya sendiri. Semua respon autoimun dulunya dipercaya sebagai hal yang abnormal dan dikaitkan dengan suatu kelainan. Namun saat ini diketahui bahwa respon autoimun adalah bagian terpisah dari sistem kekebalan vertebrata, umumnya untuk mencegah terjadinya penyakit yang disebabkan oleh toleransi imunologikal terhadap antigen milik sendiri. Autoimunitas berbeda dengan aloimunitas.

Sistem imun tubuh kita telah berkembang sedemikian rupa sehingga mampu mengenal setiap antigen asing dan membedakannya dengan struktur antigen diri (self antigen), tetapi dapat saja timbul gangguan terhadap kemampuan pengenalan tersebut sehingga terjadi respons imun terhadap antigen diri yang dianggap asing. Respons imun yang disebut autoimunitas tersebut dapat berupa respons

Autoimunitas sebetulnya bersifat protektif, yaitu sebagai sarana pembuangan berbagai produk akibat kerusakan sel atau jaringan. Autoantibodi mengikat produk itu diikuti dengan proses eliminasi. Autoantibodi dan respons imun selular terhadap antigen diri tidak selalu menimbulkan penyakit. Penyakit autoimun merupakan kerusakan jaringan atau gangguan fungsi fisologik akibat respons autoimun. Perbedaan ini menjadi penting karena respons autoimun dapat terjadi tanpa penyakit atau pada penyakit yang disebabkan oleh mekanisme lain (seperti infeksi). Oleh karena itu, istilah penyakit autoimun yang berkonotasi patologik ditujukan untuk keadaan yang berhubungan erat dengan pembentukan autoantibodi atau respons imun selular yang terbentuk setelah timbulnya penyakit

SPEKTRUM PENYAKIT AUTOIMUN

Penyakit autoimun mempunyai spektrum yang sangat luas, dari yang bersifat organ spesifik sampai bentuk sistemik atau non-organ spesifik . Pada penyakit autoimun organ spesifik, umumnya mempengaruhi organ tunggal dan respons autoimun ditujukan langsung pada antigen di dalam organ tersebut. Sebagian besar kelainan spesifik organ melibatkan satu atau beberapa kelenjar endokrin. Target antigen dapat berupa molekul yang diekspresikan pada permukaan sel hidup (terutama reseptor hormon) atau molekul intraseluler (terutama enzim intraseluler). Sedangkan penyakit autoimun non-organ spesifik mempengaruhi organ multipel dan biasanya berkaitan dengan respons autoimun terhadap molekul yang tersebar di seluruh tubuh, terutama molekul intraseluler yang berperan dalam transkripsi dan translasi kode genetik (DNA dan unsur inti sel lainnya)

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Tingkt Peneriman
A	“Accepted” in prior version of this table
C	A comorbidity common among people with autoimmune disease, but with no evidence of being itself caused by autoimmunity
E	Disease is an autoimmune response triggered by a specific environmental factor
F	Disease is only caused by autoimmunity in only a fraction of those who suffer from it
I	Described as an autoinflammatory disease
L	Evidence to indicate autoimmunity is extremely limited or circumstantial
M	Disease appears under Autoimmune Diseases in MeSH
N	Not listed in prior version of this table
R	Disease appeared in prior version but has been renamed. In renaming, precedence has been given to scientific names over those based on discoverers.
S	“Suspected” in the prior version of this table
T	Disease has a known trigger, such as viral infection, vaccination, or injury
X	An extremely rare disease, which would suggest limited opportunity to study it and conclusively determine whether it is caused by autoimmunity
Y	Listed in the prior version of this table with “Accepted/Suspected” left blank

Nama penyakit	Tingkat Penerimaan Autoimmunity	Hypersensitivitas (I,II,III,IV)	Autoantibodies/Synonyms/Rare Variants
Myocarditis	Moderate, F, R, A		Synonyms: Autoimmune myocarditis, Autoimmune cardiomyopathy, Coxsackie myocarditis
Postmyocardial infarction syndrome	Limited, R, Y		Autoantibodies: myocardial neo-antigens formed as a result of the MI. Synonyms: Dressler’s syndrome
Postpericardiotomy syndrome	Limited, N
Subacute bacterial endocarditis	Limited, Y	III	Autoantibodies: essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. Synonyms: SBE
Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane nephriti	Moderate, R, M, A	II	Autoantibodies: Anti-Basement Membrane Collagen Type IV Protein. Synonyms: Goodpastures Syndrome, Glomerulonephritis Type 1
Interstitial cystitis	Limited, S		Mast cells.
Lupus nephritis	Comorbidity, N		A comorbidity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosis..
Autoimmune hepatitis^[	Moderate, A	cell-mediated	Autoantibodies: ANA and SMA, LKM-1, LKM-2 or LKM-3; antibodies against soluble liver antigen (anti-SLA, anti-LP) no autoantibodies detected (~20%)[citation needed]. Synonyms: Lupoid hepatitis
Primary biliary cirrhosis	Moderate, A		Autoantibodies: Anti-p62, Anti-sp100, Anti-Mitochondrial(M2)Anti-Ro aka SSA. Note that Sjogren’s is classified in some places (e.g., MeSH) as rheumatoid disease, but there is no published evidence to support that classification.
Primary sclerosing cholangitis	Limited, Y		Possible overlap with primary biliary cirrhosis. Autoantibodies: HLA-DR52a.
Antisynthetase syndrome	Limited, Y
Alopecia Areata	Moderate, A		Autoantibodies: T-cells. Synonyms: Alopecia areata – Patchy, Totalis, Universalis
Autoimmune Angioedema	Limited, F, N
Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis	Limited, X, A
Autoimmune urticarial^[	Comorbidity, A
Bullous pemphigoid	Moderate, Y		Autoantibodies: IgG autoantibodies targeting the type XVII collagen component of hemidesmosomes.
Cicatricial pemphigoid	Limited, R, X, Y		precipitates C3. Autoantibodies: anti-BP-1, anti BP-2. Synonyms: Benign Mucosal Pemphigoid, Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid
Dermatitis herpetiformis	Moderate, C, Y		Autoantibodies: IgA Eosinophilia; anti-epidermal transglutaminase antibodies.
Discoid lupus erythematosus	Limited, Y	III	IL-2 and IFN-gamma.
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita	Moderate, Y		COL7A1.
Erythema nodosum	Limited, F, Y
Gestational pemphigoid	Limited, R, Y		Autoantibodies: IgG and C3 misdirected antibodies intended to protect the placenta.
Hidradenitis suppurativa^[33]	Limited, C, S
Lichen planus	Limited, Y
Lichen sclerosus	Limited, C, Y
Linear IgA disease^[34]	Moderate, Y		Synonyms: LAD
Morphea^[35]	Limited, C, S
Pemphigus vulgaris^[15][31]	Moderate, M, A	II	Autoantibodies: Anti-Desmoglein 3 eosinophilia.
Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta	Limited, C
Mucha-Habermann disease	Limited, C, Y		T-cells. Synonyms: Pityriasis lichenoides, varioliformis acuta
Psoriasis^[36]	Moderate, A	IV?	CD-8 T-cells, HLA-Cw6, IL-12b, IL-23b, TNFalpha, NF-κB.
Systemic scleroderma^[35][37]	Limited, R, S		COL1A2 and TGF-β1. Autoantibodies: anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-centromere and anti-scl70/anti-topoisomerase antibodies. Synonyms: Diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis, Systemic sclerosis, Scleroderma
Vitiligo^[38][39]	Limited, C, S		NALP-1 RERE, PTPN22, LPP, IL2RA, GZMB, UBASH3A and C1QTNF6.
Addison’s disease^[15]	Moderate, F, Y		Autoantibodies: 21 hydroxylase.
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome	Moderate, A	Unknown or multiple	Synonyms: Whitaker’s Syndrome, APECED, Addisons Disease, Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome 1, PGAS-1, APS Type 1
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2^[40]	Moderate, A		DQ2, DQ8 and DRB1*0404. Autoantibodies: anti-21 hydroxylase, anti-17 hydroxylase. Synonyms: Schmidt syndrome, Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome 2, PGAS-2, APS Type 2
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 3	Moderate, A		Synonyms: Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome 3, PGAS-3, APS Type 3
Autoimmune pancreatitis	Moderate, A		Autoantibodies: ANA; anti-lactoferrin antibodiesanti-carbonic anhydrase antibodies; rheumatoid factor.
Diabetes mellitus type 1^[15]	Moderate, A	IV	HLA-DR3, HLA-DR4. Autoantibodies: Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), islet cell antibodies (ICA), and insulinoma-associated autoantibodies (IA-2), anti-insulin antibodies.
Autoimmune thyroiditis	Strong, A	IV	HLADR5, CTLA-4. Autoantibodies: antibodies against thyroid peroxidase and/or thyroglobulin. Synonyms: chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Ord’s thyroiditis	Moderate, Y
Graves’ disease^[15]	Moderate, M, A	II	Autoantibodies: thyroid autoantibodies (TSHR-Ab) that activate the TSH-receptor (TSHR).
Autoimmune Oophoritis	Moderate, N
Endometriosis^[41]	Limited, S
Autoimmune orchitis	Limited, N
Sjogren’s syndrome^{[15][21][22][23]}	Moderate, A		Autoantibodies: anti-Ro. Also, they are often present in Sjogren’s syndrome..
Autoimmune enteropathy	Moderate, X, Y
Celiac disease^[42][43][44]	Moderate, A,E	IV??	HLA-DQ8 and DQ2.5. Autoantibodies: Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies anti-endomysial IgA, anti-gliadin IgA.
Crohn’s disease^[45]	Moderate, Y	IV	Innate immunity; Th17; Th1; ATG16L1; CARD15;XBP1;.
Microscopic colitis	Limited, S
Ulcerative colitis^[15]	Limited, A	IV
Antiphospholipid syndrome^[15]	Moderate, M, A		HLA-DR7, HLA-B8, HLA-DR2, HLA-DR3. Autoantibodies: anti-cardiolipin;anti pyruvate dehydrogenase; β2 glycoprotein I; phosphatidylserine; anti apoH; Annexin A5.
Aplastic anemia	Limited, F, Y
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia	Moderate, M, A	II	complement activation.
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome	Moderate, A		TNFRSF6; defective Fas-CD95 apoptosis. Synonyms: Canale-Smith Syndrome
Autoimmune neutropenia	Moderate, F, N
Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura^[15]	Moderate, M, R, A		Autoantibodies: anti gpIIb-IIIa or 1b-IX. Synonyms: Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Cold agglutinin disease	Moderate, M, A	II	idiopathic or secondary to leukemia or infection. Autoantibodies: IgM. Synonyms: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia?
Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia	Limited, C, Y
Evans syndrome	Moderate, Y		Synonyms: A synonym for a combination of hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenic purpura
IgG4-related systemic disease	Limited, C, N
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Limited, F, S
Pernicious anemia^[46]	Moderate, A	II	Autoantibodies: anti-parietal cell antibody.
Pure red cell aplasia	Limited, Y
Thrombocytopenia^[47][48]	Limited, F, Y	II	Multiple mechanisms. Autoantibodies: glycoproteins IIb-IIIa or Ib-IX in ITP anti-ADAMTS13 in TTP. and HUS anti-cardiolipin (anti-cardiolipin antibodies) and β2 glycoprotein I in Antiphospholipid syndrome anti-HPA-1a, anti-HPA-5b, and others in NAIT. Synonyms: Neonatal thrombocytopenia
Adiposis dolorosa^[49]	Limited, L, S		Lipoid tissue. Synonyms: Dercum’s disease
Adult-onset Still’s disease^[50]	Moderate, Y		macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Autoantibodies: ANA.
Ankylosing Spondylitis^[26][27]	Limited, S		CD8; HLA-B27.
CREST syndrome	Limited, Y		Autoantibodies: Anti-centromere antibodies Anti-nuclear antibodies.
Drug-induced lupus	Moderate, Y		Autoantibodies: Anti-histone antibodies.
Enthesitis-related arthritis	Limited, C, Y		MMP3, TRLR2, TLR4, ERAP1. Autoantibodies: .. Synonyms: A subtype of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
Eosinophilic fasciitis	Limited, F, A		Synonyms: Shulman’s syndrome
Felty syndrome	Strong, M, Y
Juvenile Arthritis	Strong, M, R, Y		Autoantibodies: inconsistent ANA Rheumatoid factor. Synonyms: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Lyme disease (Chronic)	Limited, L, T, N
Mixed connective tissue disease	Moderate, M, A		HLA-DR4. Autoantibodies: anti-nuclear antibody anti-U1-RNP.
Palindromic rheumatism	Limited, Y		Autoantibodies: anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) and antikeratin antibodies (AKA). Synonyms: Hench-Rosenberg syndrome
Parry Romberg syndrome	Limited, Y		Autoantibodies: ANA.
Parsonage-Turner syndrome	Limited, Y
Psoriatic arthritis	Moderate, C, A	IV?	HLA-B27.
Reactive arthritis	Limited, C, F, Y		Synonyms: Reiter’s syndrome
Relapsing polychondritis^[59]	Strong, A		Synonyms: atrophic polychondritis, systemic chondromalacia, chronic atrophic polychondritis, Meyenburg-Altherr-Uehlinger syndrome, generalized chondromalacia, systemic chondromalacia
Retroperitoneal fibrosis	Limited, Y
Rheumatic fever	Moderate, T, A	II	Autoantibodies: streptococcal M protein cross reacts with human myosin.
Rheumatoid arthritis	Strong, M, A	III	HLA-DR4, PTPN22, depleted B cells, TNF alpha, IL-17, (also maybe IL-1, 6, and 15). Autoantibodies: Rheumatoid factor (anti-IgGFc), Anti-MCV, ACPAs(Vimentin).
Sarcoidosis^[62][63][64]	Limited, S	IV	BTNL2; HLA-B7-DR15; HLA DR3-DQ2.
Schnitzler syndrome	Limited, L, X, Y		IgM?.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus	Strong, M, A	III	Autoantibodies: Anti-nuclear antibodies anti-Ro. Also, they are often present in Sjogren’s syndrome. Eosinophilia. Synonyms: Lupus
Undifferentiated connective tissue disease	Moderate, C, A		HLA-DR4. Autoantibodies: anti-nuclear antibody. Synonyms: Latent lupus, incomplete lupus
Dermatomyositis	Moderate, F, X, A		B- and T-cell perivascular inflammatory infiltrate on muscle biopsy. Autoantibodies: histidine-tRNA anti-signal recognition peptide Anti-Mi-2 Anti-Jo1.. Synonyms: Juvenile dermatomyositis
Fibromyalgia	Limited, C, F, N
Inclusion body myositis	Limited, F, Y		Similar to polymyositis but does not respond to steroid therapy-activated T8 cells.
Myositis	Limited, F, Y
Myasthenia gravis	Strong, M, A	II	HA-B8 HLA-DR3 HLA-DR1. Autoantibodies: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor MuSK protein.
Neuromyotonia	Limited, F, S	II?	Autoantibodies: Voltage-gated potassium channels. Synonyms: Isaacs’ Syndrome
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration	Limited, Y	IV? II?	Autoantibodies: anti-Yo (anti-cdr-2 in purkinje fibers) anti-Hu, anti-Tr, antiglutamate receptor.
Polymyositis^[	Limited, F, A		Autoantibodies: IFN-gamma, IL-1, TNF-alpha.
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis	Strong, M, T, A		Synonyms: ADEM, Perivenous encephalomyelitis, Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis, AHL, AHLE, acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE), acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis (AHEM), acute necrotizing hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (ANHLE), Weston-Hurst syndrome, Hurst’s disease
Acute motor axonal neuropathy	Limited, N
Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis	Moderate, N		Synonyms: Anti-NMDA Encephalitis
Balo concentric sclerosis	Moderate, Y		Synonyms: Balo disease, Schilders disease
Bickerstaff’s encephalitis	Limited, Y		similar to Guillain-Barré syndrome. Autoantibodies: Anti-GQ1b 2/3 patients.
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy	Moderate, C, Y		similar to Guillain–Barré syndrome. Autoantibodies: anti-ganglioside antibodies. Synonyms: Relapsing polyneuropathy (CRP), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuritis
Guillain–Barré syndrome	Strong, M, A	IV	Autoantibodies: Anti-ganglioside, anti-GQ1b. Synonyms: Miller-Fisher syndrome, Landry’s paralysis
Hashimoto’s encephalopathy^[	Moderate, C, X, A	IV	Autoantibodies: alpha-enolase. Synonyms: Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, SREAT, Nonvasculitic autoimmune meningoencephalitis, NAIM, Encephalopathy Associated with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease, EAATD
Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases	Limited, F, Y		A set of different variants of multiple sclerosis.
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome	Strong, M, Y		HLA-DR3-B8. Autoantibodies: voltage-gated calcium channels; Q-type calcium channel, synaptogagmin, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1.
Multiple sclerosis, pattern II	Strong, M, A	IV	Autoantibody against potassium channel has been reported to present demyelination pattern II. Other cases present autoimmunity against MOG^[78] and Anoctamin-2.^[79] The three reported autoimmune variants belong to MS pattern II. Also involved HLA-DR2, PECAM-1, Anti-myelin basic protein. Autoantibodies: Anti-Kir4.1, Anti-MOG, Anti-ANO2 (heterogeneous). Synonyms: Primary progressive multiple sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, disseminated sclerosis, encephalomyelitis disseminata
Oshtoran Syndrome	X		Heritable, abnormalities in the kynurenine and glutamate metabolism
Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcus	Limited, F, S	II?	antibodies against streptococcal infection serve as auto-antibodies. Synonyms: PANDAS
Progressive inflammatory neuropathy	Limited, X, S		similar to Guillain-Barré syndrome. Autoantibodies: Anti-ganglioside antibodies:anti-GM1, anti-GD1a, anti-GQ1b.
Restless leg syndrome	Limited, C, S		May occur in Sjogren’s syndrome, celiac disease, and rheumatoid arthritis or in derangements of iron metabolism.
Stiff person syndrome	Limited, S		GLRA1 (glycine receptor). Autoantibodies: glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD).
Sydenham chorea	Limited, T, Y
Transverse myelitis	Limited, M, A
Autoimmune retinopathy	Limited, X, N
Autoimmune uveitis	Moderate, F, A		Autoantibodies: HLAB-27?.
Cogan syndrome	Limited, F, Y
Graves ophthalmopathy	Moderate, M, N
Intermediate uveitis	Limited, L, Y		Synonyms: Pars planitis, Peripheral Uveitis
Ligneous conjunctivitis	Limited, L, N
Mooren’s ulcer	Limited, L, N
Neuromyelitis optica	Limited, M, Y	II?	Autoantibodies: NMO-IgG aquaporin 4. Synonyms: Devic’s disease
Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome	Limited, X, S	IV?	Lymphocyte recruitment to CSF.
Optic neuritis	Limited, C, Y
Scleritis	Limited, C, Y
Susac’s syndrome	Limited, C, Y		Synonyms: Retinocochleocerebral Vasculopathy
Sympathetic ophthalmia	Limited, I, Y		Autoantibodies: ocular antigens following trauma.
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome	Limited, I, X, Y
Autoimmune inner ear disease	Limited, A		Synonyms: AIED
Ménière’s disease	Limited, Y	III?	Autoantibodies: major peripheral myelin protein P0.
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis	Strong, M, A		Autoantibodies: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic(cANCA). Synonyms: Wegener Granulomatosis, Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Behçet’s disease	Limited, I, X, A		immune-mediated systemic vasculitis; linkage to HLA-B51 (HLA-B27); very different manifestations with ulcers as common symptom. Synonyms: Morbus Adamandiades-Behçet. Rare Variant: Hughes-Stovin syndrome
Churg-Strauss syndrome	Limited, I, X, Y		Autoantibodies: p-ANCA Eosinophilia.
Giant cell arteritis	Limited, I, R, A	IV	Synonyms: Cranial arteritis, Temporal Arteritis
Henoch-Schonlein purpura	Limited, L, Y		Autoantibodies: immunoglobulin A (IgA) and complement component 3 (C3). Synonyms: anaphylactoid purpura, purpura rheumatica, Schönlein–Henoch purpura
Kawasaki’s disease	Moderate, S,E^[89]		ITPKC HLA-B51. Synonyms: Kawasaki syndrome, lymph node syndrome, mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis	Limited, L, Y
Lupus vasculitis	Moderate, C, N		A comorbidity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosis.
Rheumatoid vasculitis	Moderate, C, N		A symptom of Lupus.
Microscopic polyangiitis	Limited, Y		Binds to neutrophils causing them to degranulate and damages endothelium. Autoantibodies: p-ANCA myeloperoxidase. Synonyms: microscopic polyarteritis,microscopic polyarteritis nodosa, MPA
Polyarteritis nodosa	Limited, L, Y		Synonyms: panarteritis nodosa, periarteritis nodosa, Kussmaul disease, Kussmaul-Maier disease
Polymyalgia rheumatica	Limited, L, Y
Urticarial vasculitis^[90]	Limited, X, Y	II?	Clinically may resemble type I hypersensitivity. Autoantibodies: anti C1q antibodies.
Vasculitis^[	Strong, I, M, F, A	III	Autoantibodies: sometimes ANCA.

Autoimmune Comorbidities

Nama Penyakit	Level of Acceptance for Autoimmunity	Hypersensitivity (I,II,III,IV)	Notes/Autoantibodies/Synonyms
Chronic fatigue syndrome	Comorbidity, N		Symptomatic of autoimmune diseases or autoimmune activity, but not a disease or a cause of disease.
Complex regional pain syndrome	Comorbidity, N		Symptomatic of autoimmune diseases or autoimmune activity, but not a disease or a cause of disease. Synonyms: Amplified Musculoskeletal Pain Syndrome, Reflex Neurovascular Dystrophy, Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
Eosinophilic esophagitis	Comorbidity, N
Gastritis	Comorbidity, Y		Possibly symptomatic of autoimmune diseases, but not a disease or a cause of disease. Autoantibodies: serum antiparietal and anti-IF antibodies.
POEMS syndrome^[91]	Comorbidity, Y		Possibly symptomatic of autoimmune diseases, but not a disease or a cause of disease. Autoantibodies: interleukin 1β, interleukin 6 and TNFα. vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), given the ..
Raynaud’s phenomenon	Comorbidity, S		Symptomatic of autoimmune diseases or autoimmune activity, but not a disease or a cause of disease.
Primary immunodeficiency^[92]	Comorbidity, N		The condition is inherited, but it is associated with several autoimmune diseases.
Pyoderma gangrenosum	Comorbidity, Y		Possibly symptomatic of autoimmune diseases, but not a disease or a cause of disease.

Not Autoimmune

At this time, there is not sufficient evidence – direct, indirect, or circumstantial – to indicate that these diseases are caused by autoimmunity. These conditions are included here because:

The disease was listed in the prior version of this table
The disease is included in several widely used lists of autoimmune disease. It is included here to ensure that a person visiting this page does not conclude that the disease was not considered. Before moving a condition from here to the list of autoimmune diseases, references should be provided in the Wikipedia page for the condition that point to evidence of autoimmunity.

Nama Penyakit	Level of Acceptance for Autoimmunity	Hypersensitivitas (I,II,III,IV)	Autoantibodies/Synonyms
Agammaglobulinemia	Not Autoimmune, Y		An immune system disorder but not an autoimmune disease.. Autoantibodies: IGHM; IGLL1: CD79A; CD79B; BLNK; LRRC8A.
Amyloidosis	Not Autoimmune, N		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	Not Autoimmune, Y		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity. Autoantibodies: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Also Lou Gehrig’s disease; Motor Neuron Disease).
Anti-tubular basement membrane nephritis	Not Autoimmune, N		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Atopic allergy	Not Autoimmune, Y	I	A hypersensitivity.
Atopic dermatitis	Not Autoimmune, Y	I	A hypersensitivity.
Autoimmune peripheral neuropathy	Not Autoimmune, F, A		A class of diseases, some of which may be autoimmune. See specific diseases that are listed as autoimmune..
Blau syndrome	Not Autoimmune, Y		Overlaps both sarcoidosis and granuloma annulare. No evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Cancer	Not Autoimmune, Y		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Castleman’s disease	Not Autoimmune, Y		An immune system disorder but not an autoimmune disease.. Autoantibodies: Over expression of IL-6.
Chagas disease^[93]	Not Autoimmune, S		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease^[94][95]	Not Autoimmune, S		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis	Not Autoimmune, Y		LPIN2, D18S60. Synonyms: Majeed syndrome
Complement component 2 deficiency	Not Autoimmune, Y		Possibly symptomatic of autoimmune diseases, but not a disease.
Congenital heart block	Not Autoimmune, N		May be related to autoimmune activity in the mother.
Contact dermatitis	Not Autoimmune, Y	IV	A hypersensitivity.
Cushing’s syndrome	Not Autoimmune, Y		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis	Not Autoimmune, Y		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity. Autoantibodies: neutrophils.
Dego’s disease	Not Autoimmune, Y		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Eczema^[96][97][98]	Not Autoimmune, Y		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity. Autoantibodies: LEKTI, SPINK5, filaggrin., Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Substance P..
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis	Not Autoimmune, Y		Possibly a hypersensitivity. Autoantibodies: IgE, IL-3, IL-5, GM-CSF, eotaxin.
Eosinophilic pneumonia	Not Autoimmune, F, Y		A class of diseases, some of which may be autoimmune. Specifically, Churg-Strauss syndrome, a subtype of Eosinophilic pneumonia, is autoimmune.
Erythroblastosis fetalis	Not Autoimmune, Y	II	Mother’s immune system attacks fetus. An immune system disorder but not autoimmune. Autoantibodies: ABO, Rh, Kell antibodies.
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva	Not Autoimmune, Y		Possibly an immune system disorder but not autoimmune. Autoantibodies: ACVR1 Lymphocytes express increased BMP4.
Gastrointestinal pemphigoid	Not Autoimmune, A		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Hypogammaglobulinemia	Not Autoimmune, Y		An immune system disorder but not autoimmune. Autoantibodies: IGHM, IGLL1, CD79A, BLNK, LRRC8A, CD79B.
Idiopathic giant-cell myocarditis^[99]	Not Autoimmune, N		No consistent evidence of autoimmune cause though the disease has been found comorbid with other autoimmune diseases. Synonyms: Giant cell myocarditis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis^[100][100]	Not Autoimmune, Y		Autoantibodies: SFTPA1, SFTPA2, TERT, and TERC.. Synonyms: Fibrosing alveolitis
IgA nephropathy	Not Autoimmune, Y	III?	Autoantibodies: IgA produced from marrow rather than MALT. Synonyms: IgA nephrits, Berger’s disease, Synpharyngitic Glomerulonephritis. An immune system disorder but not an autoimmune disease.
Immunoregulatory lipoproteins^[101]	Not Autoimmune, N		Not a disease.
IPEX syndrome	Not Autoimmune, N		A genetic mutation in FOXP3 that leads to autoimmune diseases, but no consistent evidence that it is an autoimmune disorder itself.. Synonyms: X-linked polyendocrinopathy, immunodeficiency and diarrhea-syndrome (XLAAD)
Ligneous conjunctivitis	Not Autoimmune, N		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Majeed syndrome	Not Autoimmune, Y		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity. Autoantibodies: LPIN2.
Narcolepsy^{[102][103][104][105]}	Not Autoimmune, Y	II?	No evidence of association with autoimmunity. Research not reproducible. Autoantibodies: hypocretin or orexin, HLA-DQB1*0602.
Rasmussen’s encephalitis	Not Autoimmune, Y		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity. Autoantibodies: anti-NR2A antibodies.
Schizophrenia^{[106][107][108]}	Not Autoimmune, S		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Serum sickness	Not Autoimmune, Y	III	A hypersensitivity.
Spondyloarthropathy	Not Autoimmune, Y		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity. Autoantibodies: HLA-B27.
Sweet’s syndrome	Not Autoimmune, Y		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity. Autoantibodies: GCSF.
Takayasu’s arteritis	Not Autoimmune, Y		No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
Undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy	Not Autoimmune, Y		See Enthesitis-related arthritis.